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Folia Geographica 2016, 58/1, pp. 34-55

INDIA – ÁZIJSKÝ SUD S PUŠNÝM PRACHOM? INDIA – ASIAN POWDER KEG?

Ľuboš KRIŽAN A*, Vladimír BAAR B

Received: September 26, 2016 | Revised: October 14, 2016 | Accepted: October 17, 2016

A* University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 9, Ostrava, Czech Republic
lkrizan430@gmail.com (corresponding author)

B University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 9, Ostrava, Czech Republic
vladimir.baar@osu.cz

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Abstract
On the present India belongs to the countries with high growth potential. In the recent years India reached high economic development, development of creative sector and became more powerful in international relations. Indian political elites try to increase Indian geopolitical power in Asia and attach the dominance in the geopolitical space of Indian Ocean. On the other side, India has many inner conflicts, which subvert inner stability of country and geopolitical position in the regional and in global affairs. Except conflict in Kashmir, which is in fact conflict between India and Pakistan and which is the most well-known conflict in South Asia to the general public, in India are taking place many other conflicts, which have ideological (Naxalites), religious (Sikh separatism in Punjab, inter-religious and intercaste violence between Muslims and Hindus in Rajasthan and Gujarat,…), ethnical (conflict in Seven Sisters, Dravidian separatism,…) and social basis (Dalit Movement). The main aim of this article is to analyze spatial factors of conflicts in India and identifying the main conflict regions in India and its characterization and then earmarking of the main conflict lines in India.

Key words
India, inner conflicts, conflict regions, conflict lines, terrorism

SUMMARY

INDIA-ASIAN POWDER KEG?

India, despite the fact, that it is belonging to the fast-developing countries, is still facing a number of internal problems. Especially, come to the forefront many internal conflicts, such as world well-known conflict in Kashmir, Naxalite uprising in East India, which is lasting for 40 years or insurgencies in Gujarat, Rajasthan, ethnical conflicts in Seven Sisters (seven north-east Indian states – Arunachal Pradesh, Tripura, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Assam, Manipur and Nagaland), Islamic terrorism in West Bengal and other conflicts. Some conflicts have social background such as Dalit movement, which is spreaded in whole India. The main determinant, which influences insurgencies in India except religious and ethnical factor, are regional disparities, which are between Indian states very enormous. India, in regard of nature of her conflicts, can be divided to a conflict regions. We identified six different conflict regions in India: Indopakistani region, Region of the East India, Region of Seven Sisters, Dravidian region, Indian core and Region of Islands. The first three belong to the active zones, which take place armed conflict between Indian army and insurgents. Dravidian region and Region of Islands have potential character, where can in future evolve conflict. Conflicts in India are assigned by six conflict lines (Indopakistani line, Naxalite line, Siliguri line, Bengali line, Indobarmian line, South line), which influencing character and range of conflict. Indian core has a specific position, when its destabilization could menace not only situation in India, but also regional security. The solutions of conflicts in India are equalization of regional disparities, combination of dialog and compromise with using military power.

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